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The Capture of Cádiz in 1596 was an event during the Anglo-Spanish War, when English and Dutch troops under Robert Devereux, 2nd Earl of Essex and a large Anglo-Dutch fleet under Charles Howard, 1st Earl of Nottingham, with support from the Dutch United Provinces, raided the Spanish city of Cádiz. Due to the Spanish commander's lack of foresight and organisation, the Anglo-Dutch forces met little resistance. In order to deny the raiders their prize the Spanish set fire to their fleet anchored in the Bay of Cádiz; the attacking forces disembarked, captured, sacked and burned the city and took hostage several of the city's prominent citizens, who were taken back to England to await payment of their ransom. The economic losses caused during the sacking were numerous: the city was burned, as was the fleet, in what was one of the principal English victories in the course of the war. Despite its failure in its primary objective of seizing the treasure fleet's silver, the raid contributed to Spain's declaration of bankruptcy the following year. ==Background== On 13 June 1596〔 the fleet set sail from Plymouth. The fleet comprised 150 English and Dutch ships, 17 of which belonged to the Royal Navy, divided into four squads with 6,360 private soldiers, 1,000 English volunteers, and 6,772 sailors.〔William Camden: (''Annales'' ).〕 Charles Howard, 1st Earl of Nottingham was the admiral commanding the fleet, while the landing forces were under the command of Robert Devereux, 2nd Earl of Essex, Lord Thomas Howard, Sir Walter Raleigh, and Sir Francis Vere each commanding a squad. Anthony Ashley was the Clerk of the Privy Council and was a representative of Queen Elizabeth I of England.〔Thomas Birch: (''Memoirs of the Reign of Queen Elizabeth'' ), contiene la relación de los oficiales ingleses participantes en la expedición, extraída de entre los documentos de Francis Bacon.〕 Cristóvão and Manuel of Portugal, sons of António of Portugal, and supposedly Antonio Pérez, were also on board, although without command.〔(Documentos relativos a la toma y saco de Cádiz por los ingleses ), pp. 205–435, de la Real Academia de la Historia.〕 These forces were joined by another 20 ships from the United Provinces, with 2,000 men on board, who under the command of Admiral John de Duyvenvoorde, Lord of Warmond, were put under English orders.〔John Lothrop Motley: (''History of the United Netherlands'' ).〕 The city of Cádiz, with approximately 6,000 inhabitants,〔(Siglo XVII ).〕 was one of the principal Spanish ports and point of departure for the Spanish treasure fleet for New Spain.〔Recopilación de Leyes de las Indias: (Libro IX, título XXX ).〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Capture of Cadiz」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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